IPv6

IPv6 er version 6 af Internetprotokollen IP, den er tidligere også blevet kaldet IPng (IP Next Generation). Det er meningen at IPv6 skal erstatte den forrige standard, IPv4. IPv4 benytter 32 bit til IP adresser hvorimod der i IPv6 er afsat 128 bits til IP adresser. Det betyder at IPv4 'kun' understøtter ca. 4 milliarder (4 × 10⁹) adresser, hvorimod IPv6 understøtter op til ca. 3.4 × 10³⁸ (340 sextillion) adresser. Det er det samme som 6.7 × 10¹⁷ (670 billiard) adresser/mm²) af Jordens overflade.

IPv6 er et evolutionært skridt frem for et revolutionært skridt frem mod nyere IP protokoller. Begrundelsen for at lave en ny IP version har først og fremmest været at man i den nære fremtid kommer til at løbe tør for IPv4 adresser, men også andre dele af IP er blevet moderniseret. Eksempelvis er IP headeren blevet forenklet, felter der eksisterer i IPv4, men som man aldrig har brugt er fjernet, nye felter er kommet til.

Fra ca. år 2000 og indtil vi går over til IPv6, har jorden mangel på ip-adresser. Kina anvender i dag 2004 IPv6 og i en stor af verdenen kører IPv6 i test.

IPv6 standarden er defineret i RFC 2460.

Table of contents

1 Eksterne henvisninger 1.1 Hvorfor IPv6? 1.1.1 IPv6 kritisk synsvinkel 1.2 Microsoft Windows 1.3 Apple Mac OS X 1.4 Linux og IPv6 1.5 Andre Unix OS og IPv6 1.6 IPv6 og OLSR-baserede selvkonfigurerende radionet 1.7 Bruger migration 1.8 Internetudbyder migration 1.9 Forskning og testning 1.10 Vejvisere og information

Eksterne henvisninger

• Den danske IPv6 taskforce: Introduktion til IPv6 Citat: "... Risikoen for kritisk knaphed på IPv4-adresser på globalt plan i 2005 er - parret med den ulige fordeling af adresseressourcer mellem Nordamerika og resten af verden -tilstrækkelig alvorlig til at der bør gribes ind her og nu for at fremme indsatsen for at nå Lissabon-strategiens mål..."
• Why you want IPv6 (linuxreviews.org)
• news:show,id=10763" class="external">EU advarer: Ikke flere IP-adresser i 2005
• SUNET:s policy och rekommendation vad gäller IPv6 Citat: "..."År 2005 tar alla ip-adresser slut. Då måste en övergång till nästa generation av protokollet vara klar, annars hotas både fast och mobilt Internets utveckling."..."
• SysAdmin: Configuring a FreeBSD Access Point for your Wireless Network Citat: "...NAT is one of the great evils of the Internet today. It prevents true end-to-end connectivity and can get so layered that it becomes ridiculous. Unfortunately, IPv6 isn’t widely used, and unless you want to spend a good chunk of time configuring it, you’ll have to stick with NAT..."
• Networkcomputing: Virtual Private Networks: Harder Than You Think Citat: "...If Only We Had Listened If we had the very large address space of IPv6 so that no one would need private addresses..."
• May 2003, Toms Networking: How To: Getting VPN to work through NAT firewalls Citat: "...Tip: Not all routers [, firewalls, access gateways] are created equal! Some allow only one VPN tunnel to be opened and used by a single client. Others support multiple tunnels, but with one client per tunnel..." [VPN-non-udp-tcp og NAT er noget lumsk noget.]
• Feb 16, 2004 | From CircleID IP Address & Beyond: IP or NAT IP: Mostly IP Citat: "...NAT breaks some protocols [f.eks. SIP, H.323, VPN...], those that have not been designed with NAT in mind...Finally, NAT breaks end-to-end connectivity..."

• The IPv6 mess

• 23. jul. 2002, Computerworld: Windows XP får ny internetprotokol

• Collected Mac OS X IPv6 Wisdom Citat: "...Mac OS X has really good support for IPv6. If your network is configured for IPv6, it will automatically work..."
• How to configure 6to4 in MacOS X

• IPv6 in different Software Citat: "...There are lots and lots of programs nowadays which include IPv6 support in one way or another, mostly for UNIX flavour operating systems but also for MacOS and Windows..."
• IPv6 & Linux - Current Status - Applications
• USAGI Project - Linux IPv6 Development Project
• Linux IPv6 HOWTO (en)
• The IPv6 Internet: Connect Today with Linux
• February 21, 2005, ZDNet UK: Linux kernel to include IPv6 firewall Citat: "...Version 2.6.12 of the Linux kernel is likely to include packet filtering that will work with IPv6, the latest version of the Internet Protocol...Netfilter/iptables, the firewall engine that is part of the Linux kernel, already allows stateless packet filtering for versions 4 and 6 of the Internet protocol..."

• KAME Project is a joint effort of six companies in Japan to provide a free IPv6 and IPsec (for both IPv4 and IPv6) stack for BSD variants to the world
  • KAME IPv6-patched applications

IPv6 og OLSR-baserede selvkonfigurerende radionet

• olsr.org Citat: "...The olsr.org OLSR daemon is an implementation of the Optimized Link State Routing protocol. OLSR [RFC 3626] is a routing protocol for mobile ad-hoc networks. The protocol is pro-active, table driven and utilizes a technique called multipoint relaying for message flooding. Currently the implementation compiles on GNU/Linux, Windows, OS X, FreeBSD and NetBSD systems..."
  • download: Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, Debian, RPM-pakke, PDA iPaq, PDA Zaurus...
  • Linux Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) IPv6 HOWTO

• Public 6to4 relay routers
  • August 16th 2004 - Freenet6 on a new server Citat: "...Today, a new milestone has been reached. On June 16th 2004, Freenet6 started to offer an innovative new feature called NAT traversal, allowing people behind NAT devices to get IPv6 connectivity..."
    • Get IPv6 Now! - In 3 Steps
• Collected Mac OS X IPv6 Wisdom Citat: "...If your computer has a real IPv4 address, you can have IPv6 connectivity via 6to4, a transition technology that packages up IPv6 data and sends it over the IPv4 Internet. This article will tell you how to enable this on your Mac...Amazingly, Mac OS X 10.3 includes a UI for enabling 6to4: How to configure 6to4 in MacOS X. Once you have this turned on, you should be connected. See this list of IPv6 enabled sites for some stuff to visit to see if it works..."
• http://dnsv6.iihe.ac.be/iPAQGPRSv6/BtConfig.html" class="external">Webarchive backup: ..Making IPv6 run on iPAQ...with GPRS...

• Final IPv4 to IPv6 Transition Cookbook for Organisational/ISP (NREN) and Backbone Networks (pdf)
• Setting up IPv6 DNS and DNSSEC

• 6bone Home Page
• IPv6 Activities in the Nordic Countries
  • KU: IPv6
  • IPv6 i SUNET
• 6NET is a three-year European project to demonstrate that continued growth of the Internet can be met using new IPv6 technology

• Internet2 IPv6 Workshop (ppt)
• JOIN - The IPv6 project at the Center for Information Processing of the "Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster"
• IPv6: The Next Generation Internet!
• ipv6 - best of the web - internet
• 19. nov. 2004, Pcworld: IPv6 i mobiltelefoner fra Nokia
• 22. jul. 2004, Computerworld: Ny IP-generation sikrer fremtidens internet Citat: "...Japan og Sydkorea bliver de første lande, hvor topdomænerne understøtter den næste generation af internetprotokollen..."
  • 14.05.2004, ing.dk: Dansk overgang til IPv6 går langsomt Citat: "...I Japan har politikerne krævet, at IPv6 skal være indført senest i 2005..."
• 17. maj. 2004, Computerworld: Telia får 324 kvintillioner IP-adresser

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